Overview
I am a population geneticist focused on empirical and analytical problems associated with genetic variation in populations. I have several projects centered on the genetic basis for complex traits, especially in cases where there is a reasonably well understood gene regulatory network underlying the trait. By choosing phenotypes for which there is good information about an underlying gene regulatory network, we can then ask how variation at in the gene regulatory network is manifested as phenotypic variation. At the genetic level, we can collect data in the form of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and at the level of gene expression. The former should obey all the properties of variation prescribed by population genetics theory (which we test), and gene expression measurements are convenient intermediate phenotypes that give a picture of the state of the network. Genetic perturbations, in the form of natural variation across lines and RNAi, as well as environmental perturbations (like infecting with different bacteria) lend specificity to inferences of models connecting genotype to phenotype. Particular research systems include both humans and Drosophila. The human work is focused on cardiovascular disease risk (collaboration with Charles Sing and Eric Boerwinkle), on population genetic applications of genome-wide SNP data, and on the phenomenon of genomic imprinting. We are also engaged in statistical inference of association using dense SNP genotyping arrays. I also maintain a Drosophila laboratory, where students are studying the genetic and evolutionary basis for variation in innate immune efficacy, genetic variation in sperm competition, regulation of fat storage, and evolution of the Y chromosome.
Research Focus
I have been working on methods for statistical inference of population genetic attributes of population samples since obtaining my PhD at Stanford in 1980. I have published more than 360 peer-reviewed papers in the field of population genetics, and served as co-author with Dan Hartl of Principles of Population Genetics. My work is split between efforts in human and Drosophila empirical population genetics, with an emphasis on computationally challenging statistical methods, and on theoretical population genetics, including large simulation studies. I have contributed to the inference of haplotype phase from population genetic samples, to inference of natural selection from genome-wide data, and to inference of past demography from sample genotype data. Many projects have a common theme of relating variation and genotypic and phenotypic levels, which integrates understanding of gene regulatory networks and modern genome-wide approaches to quantitative genetics.
Publications
- Connallon, T. M., & Clark, A. (2014). Balancing selection in species with separate sexes: insights from Fisher's geometric model. Genetics. 197:991-1006.
- Reinhart, M., Carney, T., Clark, A., & Fiumera, A. C. (2014). Characterizing male-female interactions using natural genetic variation in Drosophila melanogaster. Journal of Heredity. 106:67-79.
- Clark, A. (2014). Genetics: The vital Y chromosome. Nature. 508:463-465.
- Connallon, T., & Clark, A. (2011). Association between Sex-Biased Gene Expression and Mutations with Sex-Specific Phenotypic Consequences in Drosophila. Genome Biology & Evolution. 3:151-155.
- Gravel, S., Henn, B. M., Gutenkunst, R. N., Indap, A. R., Marth, G. T., Clark, A., Yu, F., Gibbs, R. A., The 1000 Genomes Project,, & Bustamante, C. D. (2011). Demographic history and rare allele sharing among human populations. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 108:11983-11988.
- Woodard, S. H., Fischman, B. J., Venkat, A., Hudson, M. E., Varala, K., Cameron, S. A., Clark, A., & Robinson, G. E. (2011). Genes involved in convergent evolution of eusociality in bees. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 108:7472-7477.
- Greenspan, L., & Clark, A. (2011). Associations between Variation in X Chromosome Male Reproductive Genes and Sperm Competitive Ability in Drosophila melanogaster. International Journal of Evolutionary Biology. 2011:Article 214280 (10 pages).
- Mills, R. E., Clark, A., & 1000 Genomes Project, (2011). Mapping copy number variation by population-scale genome sequencing. Nature. 470:59-65.
In the news
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- Inaugural Presidential Postdoctoral Fellows selected
- Four elected to American Academy of Arts and Sciences